![]() Theory of mind ability refers to the inference and reasoning of others’ mental states such as intention, belief, desire, and emotion ( Peterson and Wellman, 2019), and plays a key role in a person’s social life. ToM development and prosocial behaviors in children and adolescents Thus, the current study aimed to explore the moderating role of spirituality and gender in the relations between ToM and prosocial behavior in Canadian and Iranian youth. ![]() Furthermore, although earlier research suggests that social and contextual factors such as spirituality and culture may play a moderating role between prosocial and theory of mind abilities ( Wang et al., 2022), this has rarely been examined. According to theoretical studies, ToM and prosocial development reciprocally interact with each other ( Weller and Lagattuta, 2014 Lane and Bowman, 2021), while empirical studies have yielded inconsistent results ( Imuta et al., 2016). ToM refers to mental abilities to understand and explain others’ minds and predict their behaviors ( Peterson and Wellman, 2019 Lecce and Devine, 2021), and prosocial behavior refers to voluntary actions that benefit others ( Eisenberg, 2003 Imuta et al., 2016). They are the ultimate animating force of spiritual and solipsisitically physical power and/or often the source of every other spirit or soul in existence.This study examined the potential moderating role of gender, spirituality and culture in the link between Theory of Mind (ToM) and emerging adolescents’ prosociality. (Absolute) Absolute Spirituality: Users possess absolute spiritual power and status. ![]() They can use powers of both a spiritual and divine type to their maximum capacity. (Ultimate) Spiritual Perfection: Users are spiritually perfect or partially perfect, becoming pure and gaining a variety of gifts that are deemed divine.(Advanced) Spiritual Elevation: Users can enter a state of spiritual elevation in being spiritual evolving and ascending their essence/nature entering a higher existence and becoming a renewed and greater version of themselves attaining various powers and surpasses previous form of physical life.(Basic) Spiritual Adaptation: The user's soul/essence adapt to spiritual changes or dangers, as the soul can amidst changes to threats to their soul, circumventing potential irreparable damages to them or forcefully changing them to an essential level.Users of this power are usually primordial, divine, or transcendent spirits who hold power or lordship over all other spirits as well as being a spiritual ideal that all lower existing creatures seek to conform, too. Users are Incorporeal and Immaterial beings possessing spiritual qualities, attributes, or properties going well beyond the normal, characterizing as formlessness, invisible, indivisible or oneness, infinite bliss, infinite power, pure infinite knowledge, infinite perception, and perfect manifestations of (countably) infinite other attributes. They are the ultimate animating force of spiritual power and/or often the source of every other spirit or soul in existence. Users possess absolute spiritual power and status. ![]() Fenafillah/Hulûl/Ittihad/Vahdet-i Vücûd ( Sufism/Tasawwuf/Islamic Mysticism).
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